Introduction and overview To determine the orientation and optical characteristics of the camera systems is the first and most important task in all analyses of multi-station image data of any object. In short: In which direction is each pixel looking. This is necessary in order to determine the exact field-of-view of each and every pixel of a camera. In the following step this allows the determination of the real world co-ordinates or true motion of objects that are identifiable in more than one image. These analysis methods, as well as those used to determine the internal structure of objects, require an accurate knowledge of the line-of-sight vectors of all pixels in an image.